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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Silveira v. Lockyer ： ウィキペディア英語版 Silveira v. Lockyer ''Silveira v. Lockyer,'' 312 F.3d 1052 (9th Cir. 2002), is a decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit holding that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution does not guarantee individuals the right to bear arms. The case involved a challenge to the Constitutionality of the Roberti-Roos Assault Weapons Control Act (AWCA); California legislation banned the manufacture, sale, transportation, or importation of specified semi-automatic firearms. The plaintiffs alleged that various provisions of the AWCA infringed upon their constitutionally guaranteed right to keep and bear arms as individuals. Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt wrote the opinion of the court. The court engaged in an extensive analysis of the history of the Second Amendment and its attendant case law, and it ultimately determined that the Second Amendment does not guarantee individuals the right to keep and bear arms. Instead, the court concluded that the Second Amendment provides "collective" rights, which is limited to the arming of state militia. The Ninth Circuit refused to hear the case en banc but (issued a set of dissenting opinions ) to the denial to take the case en banc which included a notable opinion by Judge Alex Kozinski. The U.S. Supreme Court denied review.〔124 S. Ct. 803 (2003)〕 This decision disagreed with the holding of the Fifth Circuit in ''United States v. Emerson'' and, more recently, that of the Supreme Court of the United States in ''District of Columbia v. Heller'' 554 US 570 (2008). As such, the opinion in ''Silveira v. Lockyer'' has been nullified by the Supreme Court of the United States, which held in ''Heller'' that the right to keep and bear arms ''is'' in fact a right of individuals. The Supreme Court also later held in ''McDonald v. Chicago'', 2010, that the 2nd Amendment is an incorporated right,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://spectator.org/archives/2010/06/29/the-second-amendment-incorpora )〕 meaning that it is applicable to state governments as well as the Federal government. ==See also== *Firearm case law in the United States 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Silveira v. Lockyer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.